Monográfico
U niversidad de S alamanca
F acultad de Traducción y D ocumentación
B iblioteca
Web
Monográfico : Folcsonomías
InfoDoc 19 de febrero de 2008
¿Qué son las Folcsonomías o Folksonomías?
"Folc" proviene del alemán "pueblo" (Volk). y etimológicamente (folc+taxo+nomía) significa literalmente "clasificación gestionada por el pueblo (o democrática)".
Folcsonomía es una indexación social, es decir, la clasificación colaborativa por medio de etiquetas simples en un espacio de nombres planos, sin jerarquías ni relaciones de parentesco predeterminadas. Se trata de una práctica que se produce en entornos de software social cuyos mejores exponentes son los sitios compartidos como en Flickr (fotos), Tagzania (lugares), flof (lugares) o 43 Things (deseos).
Las folcsonomías surgen cuando varios usuarios colaboran en la descripción de un mismo material informativo y comparten las categorizaciones. Frente a las taxonomías -en favor de las listas de palabras claves-, las folcsonomías se diferencian por la relación de intercambio de opiniones (retroalimentación) que se da en la folcsonomía y no en la taxonomía
Para Saber más
1. Airchinnigh, M. M. a., "
The Digital Exhibition and Keyimage Ontology".
Bilgi Dünyasi, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2008.
http://eprints.rclis.org/13212/1/90-125.pdf
Descriptores: Flickr/Ontologías/Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: The Age of Image predates and is currently contemporaneous with the Information Age. In our times the explosive expansion of Web 2.0 Social Space, typified by the phenomena of De.licio.us, Flickr, MySpace, YouTube..., and the concomitant emergence of folksonomy, present interesting challenges in the management of this information. One key process by which to accomplish this in Social Space, is the wedding of folksonomy (of the people) with ontology (of the machine). Such a wedding must necessarily be conducted in the shared physicality of the word, of language. In this respect, WordNet together with OWL, play the role of matchmaker. But the same Social Space also provides an opportunity for natural folksonomical tagging by digiFoto (key)image. The research harness for experimental keyimage tagging consists of Flickr as the main (digiFoto image) Social Space testbed and De.licio.us as the auxillary outreach secondary Social Space. Protégé Editor with OWL-DL provides the support for the bridge from keyimage to the formal ontology. The primary end user application domain is the keyimage tagging of paintings in an online art gallery
2. Al-Khalifa, H. S. and Davis, H. C., "
FAsTA: A Folksonomy-Based Automatic Metadata Generator".
European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, Vol. 2, 2007.
http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/14186/1/EC-TEL07_v2.pdf
Descriptores: Metadatos/Folcsonomias
Resumen: Folksonomies provide a free source of keywords describing web resources, however, these keywords are free form and unstructured. In this paper, we describe a novel tool that converts folksonomy tags into semantic metadata, and present a case study consisting of a framework for evaluating the usefulness of this metadata within the context of a particular eLearning application. The evaluation shows the number of ways in which the generated semantic metadata adds value to the raw folksonomy tags.
3. Al-Khalifa, H. S. and Davis, H. C., "
Folksonomies versus Automatic Keyword Extraction: An Empirical Study".
IADIS International Journal on Computer Science and Information Systems, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2006, pp. 1646-3692.
http://www.iadis.net/dl/final_uploads/2006110210.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Indización automática
Resumen: Semantic Metadata, which describes the meaning of documents, can be produced either manually or else semi-automatically using information extraction techniques. Manual techniques are expensive if they rely on skilled cataloguers, but a possible alternative is to make use of community produced annotations such as those collected in folksonomies. This paper reports on an experiment that we carried out to validate the assumption that folksonomies contain higher semantic value than keywords extracted by machines. The experiment has been carried-out in two ways: subjectively, by asking a human indexer to evaluate the quality of the generated keywords from both systems; and automatically, by measuring the percentage of overlap between the folksonomy set and machine generated keywords set. The result of the experiment can be considered as evidence for the rich semantics of folksonomies, demonstrating that folksonomies used in the del.icio.us bookmarking service can be used in the process of generating semantic metadata to annotate web resources.
4. Al-Khalifa, H. and Davis, H., "
Exploring the Value of Folksonomies for Creating Semantic Metadata".
International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), Vol. 3, No. 1, 2007, pp. 12-38.
http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/13555/1/IJSWIS_2007.pdf
Descriptores: Metadatos/Semántica /Folcsonomias
Resumen: Finding good keywords to describe resources is an on-going problem: typically we select such words manually from a thesaurus of terms, or they are created using automatic keyword extraction techniques. Folksonomies are an increasingly well populated source of unstructured tags describing web resources. This paper explores the value of the folksonomy tags as potential source of keyword metadata by examining the relationship between folksonomies, community produced annotations, and keywords extracted by machines. The experiment has been carried-out in two ways: subjectively, by asking two human indexers to evaluate the quality of the generated keywords from both systems; and automatically, by measuring the percentage of overlap between the folksonomy set and machine generated keywords set. The results of this experiment show that the folksonomy tags agree more closely with the human generated keywords than those automatically generated. The results also showed that the trained indexers preferred the semantics of folksonomy tags compared to keywords extracted automatically. These results can be considered as evidence for the strong relationship of folksonomies to the human indexer's mindset, demonstrating that folksonomies used in the del.icio.us bookmarking service are a potential source for generating semantic metadata to annotate web resources.
5. Al-Khalifa, H. and Davis, H., "
FolksAnnotation: A Semantic Metadata Tool for Annotating Learning Resources Using Folksonomies and Domain Ontologies".
International IEEE Conference on Innovations in Information Technology, Vol. 2, 2006, pp. 1-5.
http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/13123/1/FolksAnnotation_CameraReady.pdf
Descriptores: Ontologías/Metadatos/Folcsonomias
Resumen: There are many resources on the Web which are suitable for educational purposes. Unfortunately the task of identifying suitable resources for a particular educational purpose is difficult as they have not typically been annotated with educational metadata. However, many resources have now been annotated in an unstructured manner within contemporary social bookmaking services. This paper describes a novel tool called ‘FolksAnnotation' that creates annotations with educational semantics from the del.icio.us bookmarking service, guided by appropriate domain ontologies.
6. Al-Khalifa, H. and Davis, H., "
Measuring the Semantic Value of Folksonomies".
International IEEE Conference on Innovations in Information Technology, Vol. 2, 2006, pp. 1-5.
http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/13159/1/final_measuring.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Medición/Evaluación
Resumen: Semantic Metadata, which describes the meaning of documents, can be produced either manually or else semi-automatically using information extraction techniques. Manual techniques are expensive if they rely on skilled cataloguers, but a possible alternative is to make use of community produced annotations such as those collected in folksonomies. This paper reports on an experiment that we carried out to validate the assumption that folksonomies carry more semantic value than keywords extracted by machines. The experiment has been carried-out in two ways: automatically, by measuring the percentage of overlap between the folksonomy set and machine generated keywords set; and subjectively, by asking a human indexer to evaluate the quality of the generated keywords from both systems. The result of the experiment can be considered as evidence for the rich semantics of folksonomies, demonstrating that folksonomies used in the del.icio.us bookmarking service can be used in the process of generating semantic metadata to annotate web resources.
7. Angeletou, S., Sabou, M., Specia, L., and Motta, E., "
Bridging the Gap Between Folksonomies and the Semantic Web: An Experience Report".
Workshop: Bridging the Gap between Semantic Web and Web 2.0, European Semantic Web Conference , Vol. 2, 2007.
http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/marta/papers/semnet2007.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web semántica
Resumen: While folksonomies allow tagging of similar resources with a variety of tags, their content retrieval mechanisms are severely hampered by being agnostic to the relations that exist between these tags. To overcome this limitation, several methods have been proposed to find groups of implicitly inter-related tags. We believe that content retrieval can be further improved by making the relations between tags explicit. In this paper we propose the semantic enrichment of folksonomy tags with explicit relations by harvesting the Semantic Web, i.e., dynamically selecting and combining relevant bits of knowledge from online ontologies. Our experimental results show that, while semantic enrichment needs to be aware of the particular characteristics of folksonomies and the Semantic Web, it is beneficial for both.
8. Aquino, M. C., "
A folksonomia como hipertexto potencializador de memória coletiva:. um estudo dos links e das tags no de.licio.us e no Flickr".
Liinc em Revista, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2008.
http://revista.ibict.br/liinc/index.php/liinc/article/viewFile/263/175
Descriptores: Flickr/Folcsonomias/Hipertexto
Resumen: A comunicação mediada por computador no final dos anos 1990 reconfigura os padrões comunicacionais possibilitando a emergência de um modelo de comunicação todos-todos. Atualmente, a web vive uma nova fase, edificada sob a cooperação. O hipertexto tem seus padrões reconfigurados e os internautas passam a não somente emitir informações como também representá-las e recuperá-las através de ferramentas específicas. Oriundo de uma dissertação de mestrado defendida em 2008, este trabalho apresenta a folksonomia como um tipo de hipertexto e analisa como os processos hipertextuais de representação e recuperação de informação no del.icio.us e no Flickr potencializam a memória coletiva na web.
9. Aquino, M. C., "
Hipertexto 2.0, folksonomia e memória coletiva: Um estudo das tags na organização da web".
Revista da Associação Nacional dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, 2007.
http://www.compos.org.br/files/15ecompos09_MariaClaraAquino.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Hipertexto/Web 2.0/Indización
Resumen: A forma como os dados são representados, organizados e recuperados na web é o centro da preocupação deste artigo. Partindo de um histórico do hipertexto, observando suas novas práticas e buscando demonstrar as possibilidades de criação de uma memória coletiva em determinados ambientes da web através da folksonomia, este trabalho se propõe a analisar estas novas formas de representação, organização e recuperação de informações na web no intuito de elucidar uma nova fase do hipertexto, na qual o ideal de coletividade originário da prática pode então se concretizar
10. Arroyo, N. and Merlo Vega, J. A., "
Aplicaciones libres e iniciativas sociales en bibliotecas y centros de documentación: bibliografía inicial".
E-LIS: E-Prints in Library and Information Science, 2006.
http://eprints.rclis.org/8137/1/aleis_bfa.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización/Bibliotecas
Resumen: Se recogen referencias bibliográficas y documentos electrónicos relativos a dos ámbitos. La primera parte se titula 'Aplicaciones libres' e incluye textos sobre software libre, aplicaciones gratuitas, acceso abierto, código fuente abierto, bibliotecas digitales, repositorios, copyright, copyleft y licencias de propiedad intelectual. La segunda parte, denominada 'Iniciativas sociales', recoge documentos sobre la llamada Web 2.0, que incluye aspectos como software social, etiquetado y folksonomías, wikis, weblogs, sindicación de contenidos, redes sociales, bookmarks sociales, así como su aplicación en bibliotecas. Los documentos de esta bibliografía forman parte del curso "Aplicaciones libres e iniciativas sociales para bibliotecas y centros de documentación".
11. Benvenuti, N., "
Accesso all'informazione per codificazione o per condivisione? Le 'folksonomie'".
Interoperabilità delle biblioteche digitali, 2006 .
http://eprints.rclis.org/8296/1/Benvenuti_Codificazione.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social
Resumen: Analysis of folksonomies as the expression of a web 2.0 architecture. Chances of dialogue between the typical library's codified languages and the active ones, of the web communities.
12. Bosch, M., "
La indización asistida para el manejo de conocimiento en Entre la heurística y la hermenéutica: las competencias y actitud de los profesionales de la información para la web emergente".
Documentalistas.org, 2007.
http://eprints.rclis.org/9888/1/BoschMelaHeurYHermenWebEmergente.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización/Bibliotecas
Resumen: Se reflexiona sobre las competencias y la actitud de los Profesionales de la Información necesarias para la web emergente. Se concentra en el aspecto epistemológico, se analizan los modos de produccción del conocimiento: el heurístico y el hermenéutico. Se indica que la heurística se apoya en principios fundantes con los cuales se realizan búsquedas que conduzcan a aciertos que permitan progresar en el conocimiento. La hermenéutica, se refiere a la circulación de significados sobre la base de interpretaciones parciales, individuales y sectoriales. Se analiza cómo se presentan estos enfoques en la web actual, indicando que la diferencia entre un internauta de la web primera y uno de la Web 2.0 no se encuentra tanto en las herramientas informáticas como en el modo innovativo de usarlas, aún con un conocimiento limitado. Se considera el tema del ordenamiento conceptual en la web emergente: taxonomías, ontologías, folksonomías. Finalmente se propone dar importancia a una actitud cooperativa y proactiva para impulsar la inteligencia colectiva. Esta actitud es útil para dar apoyo a una cultura libre a que estimule la construcción del conocimiento de una manera que valore el espirítu crítico, la trasparencia y la tolerancia.
13. Buffa, M. and Gandon, F., "
SweetWiki: semantic web enabled technologies in Wiki".
Proceedings of the 2006 international symposium on Wikis , 2006, pp. 69-78.
ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/acacia/fgandon/research/semwiki2006/BuffaGandon_SemWiki2006.pdf
Descriptores: Flickr/Folcsonomias/Wikis/Web semántica
Resumen: Wikis are social web sites enabling a potentially large number of participants to modify any page or create a new page using their web browser. As they grow, wikis suffer from a number of problems (anarchical structure, large number of pages, aging navigation paths, etc.). We believe that semantic wikis can improve navigation and search. In SweetWiki we investigate the use of semantic web technologies to support and ease the lifecycle of the wiki. The very model of wikis was declaratively described: an OWL schema captures concepts such as WikiWord, wiki page, forward and backward link, author, etc. This ontology is then exploited by an embedded semantic search engine (Corese). In addition, SweetWiki integrates a standard WYSIWYG editor (Kupu) that we extended to support semantic annotation following the 'social tagging' approach made popular by web sites such as flickr.com. When editing a page, the user can freely enter some keywords in an AJAX-powered textfield and an auto-completio mechanism proposes existing keywords by issuing SPARQL queries to identify existing concepts with compatible labels. Thus tagging is both easy (keyword-like) and motivating (real time display of the number of related pages) and concepts are collected as in folksonomies. To maintain and reengineer the folksonomy, we reused a web-based editor available in the underlying semantic web server to edit semantic web ontologies and annotations. Unlike in other wikis, pages are stored directly in XHTML ready to be served and semantic annotations are embedded in the pages themselves using RDF/A. If someone sends or copy a page, the annotations follow it, and if an application crawls the wiki site it can extract the metadata and reuse them.
14. Catarino, M. E. and Baptista, A. A., "
Folksonomia: um novo conceito para a organiza+º+úo dos recursos digitais na Web".
DataGramaZero : Revista de Ciência da Informação, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2008.
http://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/handle/1822/7162?mode=full
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Apresenta um novo conceito para a organização dos recursos digitais na Web: a folksonomia. Este novo conceito surge no contexto da Web 2.0 onde emergem novas formas de organizar e compartilhar os conteúdos disponíveis na Internet. Uma etiquetagem de recursos da Web na qual se podem destacar os seguintes fatores: a) é resultado de uma indexação livre do próprio usuário do recurso; b) objetiva a recuperação a posteriori da informação e c) é desenvolvida num ambiente aberto que possibilita o compartilhamento e, mesmo, em alguns casos, a sua construção conjunta. Com base na literatura, o artigo descreve os diversos usos do termo folksonomia bem como outros conceitos a ele relacionados. Descreve também alguns serviços da Web que adotam a Folksonomia e menciona algumas vantagens e desvantagens na adoção deste tipo de indexação colaborativa.
15. Cattuto, C., Schmitz, C., Baldassarri, A., Servedio, V. D. P., Loreto, V., Hotho, A., Grahl, M., and Stumme, G., "
Network properties of folksonomies".
Network Analysis in Natural Sciences and Engineering., Vol. 20, No. 4, 2007 , pp. 245-262.
http://www2007.org/workshops/paper_13.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Recuperación de la información
Resumen: Social resource sharing systems like YouTube and del.icio.us have acquired a large number of users within the last few years. They provide rich resources for data analysis, information retrieval, and knowledge discovery applications. A first step towards this end is to gain better insights into content and structure of these systems. In this paper, we will analyse the main network characteristics of two of the systems. We consider their underlying data structures - socalled folksonomies - as tri-partite hypergraphs, and adapt
classical network measures like characteristic path length and clustering coefficient to them.
Subsequently, we introduce a network of tag co-occurrence and investigate some of its statistical properties, focusing on
correlations in node connectivity and pointing out features that reflect emergent semantics within the folksonomy. We
show that simple statistical indicators unambiguously spot non-social behavior such as spam.
16. Cernea, D. A., Moral, E. d., and Labra, E., "
SOAF: un sistema de indexado semántico de OA basado en las anotaciones colaborativas".
SPDECE, 2007.
http://spdece07.ehu.es/actas/Cernea.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Indización
Resumen: Actualmente, la producción de OA (Objetos de Aprendizaje) y materiales educativos en formato digital, así como su almacenamiento en repositorios cada vez más extensos, es una práctica generalizada en todas las instituciones dedicadas a la formación. Sin embargo, las herramientas de búsqueda y localización efectiva de dichos contenidos, en base a su etiquetado, todavía no poseen una gran consistencia. Este artículo propone una arquitectura para un sistema capaz de indexar semánticamente los OA de un repositorio, SOAF (Semántica de OA basada en Folksonomías), la cual combina las técnicas de extracción automática de información con las tecnologías de etiquetado colaborativo. De modo que, la meta-información de los OA, así obtenida, aporte el valor añadido derivado de la práctica de las comunidades de usuarios, capaces de compartir sus experiencias a través de anotaciones específicas que sirven para identificar cada OA y contribuyen a optimizar su reusabilidad en nuevos contextos de aprendizaje.
17. Cesanelli, E., "
Classificare il dominio della comunicazione secondo la teoria dei livelli di integrazione".
Università degli Studi di Trieste. [Thesis], 2008.
http://eprints.rclis.org/14632/2/comunicazione-ilc.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Clasificación
Resumen: Allo scopo di organizzare una raccolta di articoli web nell'ambito del dominio degli studi di comunicazione, sono stati presi in considerazione alcuni sistemi di organizzazione della conoscenza , dalle folksonomy alla Classificazione Decimale Universale (UDC), dalla seconda edizione della Classificazione Bibliografica di Bliss (BC2) sino al Broad System of Ordering (BSO). Particolare attenzione è stata rivolta alla Classificazione dei Livelli di Integrazione (ILC), un sistema in via di sviluppo caratterizzato da un approccio interdisciplinare all'informazione. Tale sistema sembra sposarsi particolarmente bene con il dominio della comunicazione, dove sono coinvolti contemporaneamente diversi livelli di realtà, come quelli dei segnali, delle società, delle organizzazioni, delle culture e della conoscenza registrata. Viene illustrato lo sviluppo della teoria dei livelli di realtà ad opera dei filosofi James Feibleman, Nicolai Hartmann ed altri, e la sua applicazione alla classificazione da parte del Classification Research Group. Infine, si procede con la costruzione e la discussione di una notazione ILC sperimentale applicata ad un campione di articoli inerenti la comunicazione di massa.
18. Christiaens, S., "
Metadata Mechanisms: From Ontology to Folksonomy... and Back".
On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems, Vol. 4277, 2006, pp. 199.
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Metadatos/Ontologías
Resumen: In this paper we give a brief overview of different metadata mechanisms (like ontologies and folksonomies) and how they relate to each other. We identify major strengths and weaknesses of these mechanisms. We claim that these mechanisms can be classified from restricted (e.g., ontology) to free (e.g., free text tagging). In our view, these mechanisms should not be used in isolation, but rather as complementary solutions, in a continuous process wherein the strong points of one increase the semantic depth of the other. We give an overview of early active research already going on in this direction and propose that methodologies to support this process be developed. We demonstrate a possible approach, in which we mix tagging, taxonomy and ontology.
19. Contreras Moyano, L. Á., "
Sitios web 2.0 desde la perspectiva del usuario: Librarything".
Librarything, 2007.
http://eprints.rclis.org/9864/1/articulo.pdf
Descriptores: Web 2.0/Folcsonomias
Resumen: La web 2.0 se ha convertido en la evolución de Internet, presenta diversos sitios donde se comparte juegos, video, fotografías, se publican noticias, avisos clasificados, coeditan paginas de forma participativa y da espacio a la Folcsonomía. Todo esto conjugado para crear una red participativa de interacción generando intercambio ágil de información. En nuestro país las bibliotecas carecen de recursos para acceder a la tecnología de punta y ofrecer mayor calidad en el servicio de información. El sito Librarything se presenta como una de las alternativas de solución a esta carencia latente de herramientas a bajo costo y sin mayores necesidades de hardware y software. En este articulo se presenta un breve análisis de las bondades que este sitio ofrece.
20. De la Torre, A., "
Web Educativa 2.0".
Edutec. Revista electrónica de tecnología educativa., No. 20, 2006.
http://www.unizar.es/ice/rec-info/4-web2.0.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web 2.0
Resumen: Paralelamente al comienzo de la incorporación de las TICs a las prácticas educativas, se ha debatido bastante sobre las competencias tecnológicas que los docentes debían adquirir en sus diferentes procesos formativos. Sobre todo por ser necesarias determinadas destrezas en el uso y, sobre todo, en la generación de recursos para la Web. En los últimos meses estamos asistiendo a una amplia extensión del concepto de Web 2.0, cuya principal característica podría ser la sustitución del concepto de Web de lectura, por el de lectura-escritura. Multitud de herramientas están ayudando a que, los procesos productivos de información que se desarrollan en torno a la Red, se puedan poner en marcha sin casi ningún tipo de conocimiento técnico, y sin un excesivo gasto de tiempo. Por ello, poner en marcha actos educativos en torno a Internet (Web educativa 2.0), resulta hoy en día una tarea mucho más fácil desde el punto de vista de los recursos lógicos necesarios, con lo que podemos hacer prevalecer nuestro perfil docente sobre roles más cercanos al mundo de la Informática.
21. de Lacerda, J. A. C. and Valente, P. G., "
A emergência em sistemas baseados em folksonomias.".
Estudos em Jornalismo e Mídia, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2007, pp. 59-67.
http://www.revistas.univerciencia.org/index.php/estudos/article/view/5826/5297
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: É cada vez mais crescente a utilização, tanto por sites independentes quanto comerciais, da categorização colaborativa de conteúdo por meio de palavras-chave livremente escolhidas pelos usuários (folksonomia). Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar essas ferramentas com base na Teoria Geral de Sistemas, principalmente na distinção entre sistemas top-down e bottom-up. Para isso, são avaliados os principais serviços existentes para gerenciamento de bookmarks, compartilhamento de fotografias e agendamento de eventos, bem como exemplos e oportunidades do uso de folksonomias no jornalismo. Ao comprovar a eficácia destes sistemas emergentes na difusão e captação de informação, espera-se contribuir para uma maior popularização dessa prática no Brasil, incentivando novas aplicações deste modelo.
22. Diederich, J. and Iofciu, T., "
Finding Communities of Practice from User Profiles Based On Folksonomies".
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Building Technology Enhanced Learning solutions for Communities of Practice., 2006.
http://www.l3s.de/~diederich/Papers/TBProfile-telcops.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: User profiles can be used to identify persons inside a community with similar interests. Folksonomy systems allow users to individually tag the objects of a common set (e.g., web pages). In this paper, we propose to create user profiles from the data available in such folksonomy systems by letting users specify the most relevant objects in the system. Instead of using the objects directly to represent the user profile, we propose to use the tags associated with the specified objects to build the user profile. We have designed a prototype for the research domain to use such tag-based profiles in finding persons with similar interests. The combination of tag-based profiles with standard recommender system technology has resulted in a new kind of recommender system to recommend related publications, keywords, and persons. Especially the latter is useful to find persons to potentially cooperate with and to monitor the community to be able to enhance a user's current Community of Practice.
23. DYE, J., "
Folksonomy: A game of high-tech(and high-stakes) tag.".
Econtent, Vol. 29, No. 3, 2006, pp. 38-43.
http://www.econtentmag.com/Articles/Editorial/Feature/Folksonomy-A-Game-of-High-tech-(and-High-stakes)-Tag-15298.htm
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Should a robot dictate the terms of your search? In an age when whole lives are lived online via blogs, picture albums, dating, shopping lists digital content users are not only creating their content, they're building their own infrastructure for making it easier to find.
The term folksonomy was coined in 2005 when information architect Thomas Vander Wal mashed up the words taxonomy and folk to name the growing phenomenon of users generating metadata by tagging pieces of digital information with their own searchable keywords. The process is simple enough: Users assign a name, or tag, to any image, article, blog, bookmark, or URL. Later, when they want to recall this content, they can search for its tag and find exactly what they're looking for. Applications, sites, and new uses for tags have been spreading like wildfire, so much so that major Internet commerce companies are starting to invest serious attention (and funds) in making these home-grown taxonomies part of their systems.
24. Esposito, V., "
Por qué los ciberbares se parecen al Bronx?".
Moebius, 2006.
http://www.moebius.lodigital.com.ar/?p=319
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Cibercafés
Resumen: Una de las preguntas que nos llevaron a tratar este tema, fue la incomprensión de ciertas conductas de los habitué de los cibercafés. Nos preguntábamos una y otra vez, porqué los cibers tiene ese aspecto, esa geografía cuasi marginal, ese talante de "aguantadero" o lugar de "rejunte" de patotas y callejeros. También nos cuestionábamos, si no era muy absurdo que la gente vaya a buscar a otra gente a este lugar... en el que seguro no está. Cómo era posible que los cibertranseúntes vayan a charlar y que no le hablen a nadie de su entorno? Qué ocurre que prefieren discutir sus ideas con los que están lejos y no con lo próximo que está a su alrededor? A nuestra ayuda vienen los conceptos de reciclaje y folksonomías.
25. Fernandez, J. G., "
Una mirada al mundo de los microformatos".
Acimed: revista cubana de los profesionales de la información y la comunicación en salud, Vol. 17, No. 3, 2008, pp. 8 .
http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/aci/vol17_3_08/aci08308.htm
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web semántica
Resumen: Los microformatos son pequeños trozos de HTML basados en formatos de código abierto que permiten la publicación de información de alta fidelidad en la Web; ellos son el modo más rápido y simple de soportar canales de RSS (Really Simple Syndication) y APIs (Application Programming Interface) en un sitio. Además contribuyen a integrar semántica en el HTML. Conocidos también como "la Web semántica en minúsculas", se limitan a introducir pequeños (de ahí el prefijo "micro") fragmentos de código reutilizable, que aportan al usuario determinada información valiosa como son contactos, eventos, etiquetas y otros en páginas Web de manera sencilla. Esta se introduce mediante unos pocos atributos del propio XHTML, como class, rel o rev.
26. Garrido, C., Manuel, C., and Olazabalaga, M., "
Compartir conocimiento en la Web 2.0: folcsonomia y marcadores sociales".
Comunicación y pedagogía, No. 224, 2007, pp. 17.
http://www.comunicacionypedagogia.com/publi/ecyp/revista/pdf/224/castano.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web 2.0
Resumen: Trabajo que aborda una breve introducción a la Web 2.0, resaltando sus características de red de lectura y escritura al servicio de las personas.
27. Gouvea, C., Loh, S., and Garcia, L. F. F., "
Tags Coletivas: Analisando Padr+¦es de Uso para o Suporte a Sistemas de Folksonomia".
Simpósio Brasileiro de Fatores Humanos em Sistemas Computacionais, Vol. 8, 2007.
http://www.inf.pucrs.br/ihc2008/pt-br/assets/files/Tags_Coletivas_Analisando_Padroes_de_Uso.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Tags coletivas, as quais apresentam 62% a mais de presença. que as tags individuais. .... de padrões no uso de tags coletivas e a possível utilização
28. Gruber, T., "
Ontology of Folksonomy: A Mash-Up of Apples and Oranges".
Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems., Vol. 3, No. 1, 2007, pp. 1-11.
http://tomgruber.org/writing/ontology-of-folksonomy.htm
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Ontologías
Resumen: Ontologies are enabling technology for the Semantic Web. They are a means for people to state what they mean by the terms used in data that they might generate, share, or consume. Folksonomies are an emergent phenomenon of the Social Web. They arise from data about how people associate terms with content that they generate, share, or consume. Recently the two ideas have been put into opposition, as if they were right and left poles of a political spectrum. This is a false dichotomy; they are more like apples and oranges. In fact, as the Semantic Web matures and the Social Web grows, there is increasing value in applying Semantic Web technologies to the data of the Social Web. This article is an attempt to clarify the distinct roles for ontologies and folksonomies, and previews some new work that applies the two ideas together - an ontology of folksonomy.
29. Guy, M., "
Folksonomies: Tidying up Tags?".
D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2006.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january06/guy/01guy.html
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: In this article we look at what makes folksonomies work. We agree with the premise that tags are no replacement for formal systems, but we see this as being the core quality that makes folksonomy tagging so useful. We begin by looking at the issue of 'sloppy tags', a problem to which critics of folksonomies are keen to allude, and ask if there are ways the folksonomy community could offset such problems and create systems that are conducive to searching, sorting and classifying. We then go on to question this 'tidying up' approach and its underlying assumptions, highlighting issues surrounding removal of low-quality, redundant or nonsense metadata, and the potential risks of tidying too neatly and thereby losing the very openness that has made folksonomies so popular.
30. Guy, M. and Tonkin, E., "
Folcsonomías y Tags: Como Lograr Un Tagging Efectivo".
Robin Good, No. 193, 2008, pp. 18.
http://www.masternewmedia.org/es/2006/02/02/metodos_de_clasificacion_folcsonomia_y.htm
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Una folcsonomía es un tipo de sistema de clasificación distribuida. Generalmente es creada por un grupo de individuos, típicamente los usuarios de recursos. Los usuarios agregan tags (etiquetas) a los ítems online, tales como imágenes, videos, marcadores y texto. Esos tags son entonces compartidos y algunas veces refinados.
31. Hassan-Montero, Y. and Herrero-Solana, V., "
Improving Tag-Clouds as Visual Information Retrieval Interfaces.".
International Conference on Multidisciplinary Information Sciences and Technologies., Vol. I, 2006.
http://www.nosolousabilidad.com/hassan/improving_tagclouds.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Recuperación de la información
Resumen: Tagging-based systems enable users to categorize web resources by means of tags (freely chosen keywords), in order to re-finding these resources later. Tagging is implicitly also a social indexing process, since users share their tags and resources, constructing a social tag index, so-called folksonomy. At the same time of tagging-based system, has been popularised an interface model for visual information retrieval known as Tag-Cloud. In this model, the most frequently used tags are displayed in alphabetical order. This paper presents a novel approach to Tag-Cloud's tags selection, and proposes the use of clustering algorithms for visual layout, with the aim of improve browsing experience. The results suggest that presented approach reduces the semantic density of tag set, and improves the visual consistency of Tag-Cloud layout.
32. Hassan, Y., "
Indización Social y Recuperación de Información".
No Solo Usabilidad, 2006.
http://www.nosolousabilidad.com/articulos/indizacion_social.htm
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Indización/Web social/Recursos de información
Resumen: Introducción y análisis de las características de los sistemas de tagging o etiquetado social, y sus ventajas y desventajas frente a otros modelos para la recuperación de información
33. Hooland, S. V., "
Entre formalisation et déconstruction: état de l'art critique de l'application documentaire des ontologies et folksonomies dans le domaine de l'indexation du patrimoine culturel".
Colloque international du chapitre français de l'ISKO, 2007.
http://eprints.rclis.org/10611/1/Entre_formalisation_et_deconstruction.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Indización/Patrimonio cultural
Resumen: Faciliter la recherche dans le patrimoine culturel numérique est un défi actuel pour les gestionnaires des musées, archives et bibliothèques. En formalisant à l'aide d'ontologies les relations entre ressources culturelles, auteurs, lieux et dates de production, des nouvelles fonctionnalités de recherche pourraient émerger. Mais si le développement d'un thésaurus classique représente déjà une opération complexe pour la plupart des instituts culturels, la création des ontologies pour le même secteur ne risque-t-elle pas d'être trop ambitieuse ? Indépendamment de ces développements largement académiques, une autre tendance dans la gestion de l'information numérique a émergé récemment, sous la forme du social tagging ou des folksonomies. Cette indexation libre a gagné une popularité énorme parmi les utilisateurs de blogs et de gestionnaires de signets. Depuis peu de temps, des prototypes de ce genre d'outils ont été également mis en place sur des sites de musées et de bibliothèques, dans le but de donner plus de pouvoir aux utilisateurs. Mais quelle est la valeur documentaire de ces outils ? Et est-ce que ces systèmes d'information offrent réellement une approche plus démocratique à la gestion de l'information ?
34. Hotho, A., Jaschke, R., Schmitz, C., and Stumme, G., "
Folkrank: A ranking algorithm for folksonomies".
Knowledge & Data Engineering Group, 2006.
http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/stumme/papers/2006/hotho2006folkrank.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Ranking/Algoritmos
Resumen: In social bookmark tools users are setting up lightweight conceptual structures called folksonomies. Currently, the information retrieval support is limited. We present a formal model and a new search algorithm for folksonomies, called FolkRank, that exploits the structure of the folksonomy. The proposed algorithm is also applied to find communities within the folksonomy and is used to structure search results. All findings are demonstrated on a large scale dataset. A long version of this paper has been published at the European Semantic Web Conference 2006
35. Hotho, A., Jaschke, R., Schmitz, C., and Stumme, G., "
Information Retrieval in Folksonomies: Search and Ranking".
Lecture notes in computer science., Vol. 4011, 2006, pp. 411.
http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/stumme/papers/2006/hotho2006information.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Recuperación de la información
Resumen: Social bookmark tools are rapidly emerging on the Web. In such systems users are setting up lightweight conceptual structures called folksonomies. The reason for their immediate success is the fact that no specific skills are needed for participating. At the moment, however, there exists no foundational research for these systems. We present a formal model and a new search algorithm for
folksonomies, called FolkRank, that exploits the structure of the folksonomy. The proposed algorithm is also applied to find communities within the folksonomy and is used to structure search results. All findings are demonstrated on a large scale dataset.
36. Jaschke, R., Marinho, L., Hotho, A., Schmidt-Thieme, L., and Stumme, G., "
Tag Recommendations in Folksonomies".
Lecture Notes In Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 4702, 2007, pp. 506.
http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/stumme/papers/2007/jaeschke07tagrecommendationsKDML.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Normas
Resumen: Collaborative tagging systems allow users to assign keywordsso called "tags"to resources. Tags are used for navigation, finding resources and serendipitous browsing and thus provide an immediate benefit for users. These systems usually include tag recommendation mechanisms easing the process of finding good tags for a resource, but also consolidating the tag vocabulary across users. In practice, however, only very basic recommendation strategies are applied. In this paper we present two tag recommendation algorithms: an adaptation of user-based collaborative filtering and a graph-based recommender built on top of FolkRank, an adaptation of the well-known PageRank algorithm that can cope with undirected triadic hyperedges. We evaluate and compare both algorithms on large-scale real life datasets and show that both provide better results than non-personalized baseline methods. Especially the graph-based recommender outperforms existing methods considerably
37. Kim, H. L., Scerri, S., Breslin, J. G., Decker, S., and Kim, H. G., "
The State of the Art in Tag Ontologies: A Semantic Model for Tagging and Folksonomies".
International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, 2008, pp. 128.
http://dcpapers.dublincore.org/ojs/pubs/article/viewPDFInterstitial/925/921 Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Ontologías/Semántica
Resumen: There is a growing interest into how we represent and share tagging data in collaborative tagging systems. Conventional tags, meaning freely created tags that are not associated with a structured ontology, are not naturally suited for collaborative processes, due to linguistic and grammatical variations, as well as human typing errors. Additionally, tags reflect personal views of the world by individual users, and are not normalised for synonymy, morphology or any other mapping. Our view is that the conventional approach provides very limited semantic value for collaboration. Moreover, in cases where there is some semantic value, automatically sharing semantics via computer manipulations is extremely problematic. This paper explores these problems by discussing approaches for collaborative tagging activities at a semantic level, and presenting conceptual models for collaborative tagging activities and folksonomies. We present criteria for the comparison of existing tag ontologies and discuss their strengths and weaknesses in relation to these criteria.
38. Kome, S. H., "
Hierarchical Subject Relationships in Folksonomies".
School of Information and Library Science, 2005.
http://etd.ils.unc.edu/dspace/bitstream/1901/238/1/samkome.pdf
Descriptores: Flickr/Clasificación /Folcsonomias
Resumen: The growth in digital resource repositories flickr and del.icio.us, mirrors the growth of Folksonomies to support resource classification and access. Despite this phenomenon, little is known about the effectiveness of folksonomy for retrieval and organization. Little is also known about their structure and the types of semantic relationships among folksonomy terms. This study analyzes folksonomy metadata for hierarchal semantic relationships via a content analysis of approximately 2000 folksonomy tags in over 600 individual entries. The terms were classified into groups and analyzed for hierarchical relationships. The results indicate that hierarchical relationships are part of Folksonomies. The conclusion briefly explores the potential value of thesauri for Folksonomy development, and the value of Folksonomies to thesauri developers
39. Lipczak, M., "
Tag Recommendation for Folksonomies Oriented towards Individual Users".
ECML PKDD Discovery Challenge , 2008.
http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/ws/rsdc08/pdf/10.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Normas/Usuarios
Resumen: Tagging has become a standard way of organizing information on the Web, particularly in folksonomies - data repositories freely created by communities of users. A few tags attached to each resource create a bridge between heterogeneous data and users accustomed to keyword-based search and browsing. To establish this connection, tagging requires users to manually define tags for each resource they enter to the system. This potentially time-consuming step can be eased by tag recommender systems, which propose terms that users may choose to use as tags. This paper suggests and evaluates potential sources of recommended tags, focusing on folksonomies oriented towards individual users. These suggestions are used to propose a three-step tag recommendation system. Basic tags are extracted from the resource title. In the next step, the set of potential recommendations is extended by related tags proposed by a lexicon based on co-occurrences of tags within resource's posts. Finally, tags are filtered by the user's personomy - a set of tags previously used by the user.
40. Maurissens, I. d., "
Folksonomy : una classificazione sociale del web. Dal caos originario ai frutti della collaborazione".
IR-Innovazione e Ricerca, 2006.
http://eprints.rclis.org/7574/1/Folksonomy9bis.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: The word 'folksonomy' is a neologism formed by "folks" and "taxonomy". The word folksonomy was invented by Thomas Vander Wal, information architect, during an online discussion. However its real creator was Joshua Schachter who designed del.icio.us (
http://del.icio.us/) in 2001 - that is the first web site that applied folksonomy in 2001 - developing a software able to manage his bookmarks with more than 20.000 links. Schachter (2004), 31 years-old, defines del.icio.us as "a social bookmark that allows to add favourite sites into your collection of links, to catalog them through keywords, and to share them not only with your browser or PC but also with others".
41. Medelyan, O. and Legg, C., "
Integrating Cyc and Wikipedia: Folksonomy meets rigorously defined common-sense".
Proceedings of the WIKI-AI: Wikipedia and AI Workshop at the AAAI, Vol. 8, 2008.
http://www.aaai.org/Papers/Workshops/2008/WS-08-15/WS08-15-003.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Wikis/Wikipedia
Resumen: Integration of ontologies begins with establishing mappings between their concept entries. We map categories from the largest manually-built ontology, Cyc, onto Wikipedia articles describing corresponding concepts. Our method draws both on Wikipedia's rich but chaotic hyperlink structure and Cyc's carefully defined taxonomic and common-sense knowledge. On 9,333 manual alignments by one person, we achieve an F-measure of 90%; on 100 alignments by six human subjects the average agreement of the method with the subject is close to their agreement with each other. We cover 62.8% of Cyc categories relating to common-sense knowledge and discuss what further information might be added to Cyc given this substantial new alignment
42. Mitis-Stanzel, I., "
Social Tagging in Bibliotheken".
University of Vienna (Austria). [Thesis], 2008.
http://eprints.rclis.org/14047/1/Social_Tagging_in_Bibliotheken-wordle.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Methode des Social Tagging zur Erschließung von Bibliotheksbeständen. Social Tagging ist die Beschreibung von Ressourcen mittels frei wählbarer Schlagwörter - sogenannter Tags - durch die Benutzerinnen selbst. Der dabei entstehende Pool an Tags wird Folksonomy genannt. Neben einer genauen Analyse der Funktionsweisen von Folksonomies sowohl bei der Beschreibung von als auch bei der Suche nach Ressourcen, werden mögliche Funktionen von Social Tagging im Bibliotheksbereich dargestellt. Dabei wird klar, dass Folksonomies traditionellen Erschließungsmethoden in manchen Bereichen unterlegen sind, in anderen aber völlig neue Möglichkeiten bieten. Social Tagging kann die bibliothekarische Sacherschließung daher nicht ersetzen, ist aber eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zu dieser. Dies beweisen auch die in dieser Arbeit beschriebenen Beispiele von öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken, die Social Tagging bereits einsetzen.
43. Moreiro González, J. A., "
La representación de los contenidos digitales: de los tesauros automáticos a las folksonomías".
Actas Calsi, 2007.
http://www.calsi.org/2007/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/jamoreiro.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Recuperación de la información/Tesauros/Digitalización
Resumen: Reflexión sobre las dificultades que aparecen cuando se quieren explotar las potencialidades de los contenidos digitales y la respuesta dada por los lenguajes de representación documental. Desde la adaptación a los requerimientos de la información positivista se recorre el camino evolutivo de los lenguajes documentales hasta alcanzar las tendencias actuales condicionadas por la pretendida Web semántica. Se recorren las tendencias en la representación mediante lenguajes documentales al servicio de un concepto postmoderno de información, por un recorrido que parte de los tesauros como referente hasta alcanzar las ontologías como aspiración, pasando por los tesauros automáticos, los tesauros de verbos y los Topic Maps, sin olvidarse de la vigencia de los sistemas basados en palabras-clave en la Web, las folksonomías.
44. Mujica, R. Z., "
Alfabetización informacional con Web 2.0 desarrollando el aprendizaje en redes".
Futuros, Vol. 19, No. 5, 2007.
http://www.revistafuturos.info/raw_text/raw_futuro19/alfabetizacion_%20Web%202.pdf
Descriptores: Alfabetización digital/Web 2.0/Aprendizaje/Folcsonomias
Resumen: En la sociedad actual, se preconiza la necesidad de que todas las personas adquieran y desarrollen habilidades y actitudes para la solución de problemas, la toma de decisiones y el aprendizaje autónomo para toda la vida. Con esté articulo de revisión pretendemos introducir cómo se pueden relacionar la Alfabetización Informacional y la Web 2.0, aplicando la educación en redes. Se revisaron en diferentes bases de datos los planteamientos más recientes sobre su aplicación, lo cual permitió comprender que se debe conocer y saber aprovechar estos recursos, para beneficiar la gestión de conocimientos y la gestión de calidad, promoviendo la inteligencia colectiva y la colaboración e integrándolas al programa de aprendizaje de competencias informacionales que proyecta Infomed.
45. Nauman, M. and Hussain, F., "
Using Personalized Web Search for Enhancing Common Sense and Folksonomy Based Intelligent Search Systems".
IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence, 2007, pp. 1-6.
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx5/4427043/4427044/04427126.pdf?arnumber=4427126
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Motores de búsqueda/Inteligencia artificial
Resumen: A large part of the modern web is characterized by usergenerated content categorized using collaborative tagging or folksonomy. It becomes difficult to search for relevant content because of ambiguity in lexical representation of concepts and variances in preferences of users. With more and more services relying on tags for content categorization, it is important that search techniques evolve to better suit the scenario. A promising approach towards solving these problems is to use machine common sense in conjunction with folksonomy.
46. Niwa, S., Doi, T., Hon'iden, S. I., and Hon'iden, S. I., "
Web Page Recommender System Based on Folksonomy Mining".
Information Technology: New Generations, Vol. 47, No. 5, 2006, pp. 1382-1392.
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx5/10728/33849/01611624.pdf?tp=
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/World Wide Web/Normas/Mineria de datos
Resumen: There have been many attempts to construct web page recommender systems using collaborative filtering. But the domains these systems can cover are very restricted because it is very difficult to assemble user preference data to web pages, and the number of web pages on the Internet is too large. In this paper, we propose the way to construct a new type of web page recommender system covering all over the Internet, by using Folksonomy and Social Bookmark which are getting very popular in these days.
47. Noruzi, A., "
Folksonomies- Why do we need controlled vocabulary?".
Webology, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2007.
http://eprints.rclis.org/11287/1/Folksonomies-_Why_do_we_need_controlled_vocabulary.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: The Web consists of diverse information collections in terms of the type of content, context, format and quality. However, this diversity, as good as it is, often brings challenges for users in their web information seeking activities. The technologies such as wiki, blog, RSS, and folksonomy that build Web 2.0 present an opportunity to share knowledge and facilitate interactions between users and computers. One of the main challenges of Web 1.0 was that users were not engaged in information organization. Currently folksonomy-based systems (e.g., Del.icio.us) engage users in bookmarking and introducing their favorites.
48. Ohkura, T., Kiyota, Y., and Nakagawa, H., "
Browsing system for weblog articles based on automated folksonomy".
Workshop on the Weblogging Ecosystem: Aggregation, Analysis and Dynamics, at WWW, 2006.
http://www.r.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~kiyota/paper/2006/WWW_2006_blog.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Blogs/Indización automática
Resumen: Folksonomy is a new manual classification scheme based on tagging efforts of users with freely chosen keywords. In folksonomy, a user puts an item (i.e. a photo, a book mark) on a server and shares it with other users. The owner and even the other users can attach tags to this item for their own classification, and they reflect many one's viewpoints. Since tags are chosen from users' vocabulary and contain many one's viewpoints, classification results are easy to understand for ordinary users. As a result, folksonomy serves as an efficient browsing method, because users can grasp the essence of items by looking at the tags. Even though the scalability of folksonomy is much higher than the other manual classification schemes, the method cannot deal with tremendous number of items such as whole weblog articles
on the Internet.
49. Ohmukai, I., Hamasaki, M., and Takeda, H., "
A Proposal of Community-based Folksonomy with RDF Metadata".
Workshop on End User Semantic Web Interaction, Held in conjunction with the Fourth International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2005), 2005.
http://www-kasm.nii.ac.jp/papers/takeda/05/ohmukai05iswc.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Metadatos/RDF
Resumen: In this paper we propose a social bookmark system using several metadata and personal network to construct a community-based ontology. Our system allows users to browse friends' bookmarks on his/her personal network. The user can map their own tags onto more than one tag from different friends so that they are linked to the user. The matchmaker-based recommendation and network expansion method will work efficiently because it is derived from personal interest and trust. We also design an RDF-based metadata framework to support the open and distributed model.
50. Palchevich, R. and Rosa, D., "
Nuevas tecnologías Web 2.0: Hacia una real democratización de la información y el conocimiento. ".
E-LIS: E-Prints in Library and Information Science, 2008.
http://eprints.rclis.org/13897/1/Rodriguez-DianaTRABAJOelis.pdf
Descriptores: Web 2.0/Web social/Tecnologías de la información/Folcsonomias
Resumen: With the present work it is pursued to spread to the new IT and communication (Tics) available in Web 2.0. Web 2,0 is defined and his are determined basic advantages, requirements and actions that all the users can undertake in relation to the production, use and interchange of the information in line. One concludes with a general vision of the necessity and convenience of implementing and of using these services of communication and information for a real inclusion in the Society of the Knowledge. Con el presente trabajo se persigue difundir las nuevas tecnologías información y comunicación (TICs) disponibles en la web 2.0. Se define la web 2.0 y se determinan sus ventajas, requerimientos y acciones básicas que todos los usuarios pueden emprender en relación con la producción, uso e intercambio de la información en línea. Se concluye con una visión general de la necesidad y conveniencia de implementar y usar estos servicios de comunicación e información para una real inclusión en la Sociedad del Conocimiento.
51. Paredes, J., "
Marco de la Web 2.0. 1. Localizar lo que queremos, buscadores personalizados".
CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL DE TECNOLOGÍAS PARA LA EDUCACIÓN
Y EL CONOCIMIENTO: LA WEB 2.0, Vol. 13, 2008.
http://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/stmaria/jparedes/practica/paredes_08_02.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web 2.0/Tecnologías de la información
Resumen: Analiza los aspectos más importantes de la Web 2.0 relacionados con la búsqueda de información, estudiando servicios disponibles y perspectivas educativas de los mismos.
52. Passant, A., "
Using Ontologies to Strengthen Folksonomies and Enrich Information Retrieval in Weblogs".
International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, 2007.
http://www.icwsm.org/papers/2--Passant.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Ontologías/Blogs
Resumen: While free-tagging classification is widely used in social software implementations and especially in weblogs, it raises various issues regarding information retrieval. In this paper, we describe an approach that mixes folksonomies and semantic web technologies in order to solve some of these problems, and to enrich information retrieval capabilities among blog posts. We first introduce the corporate context of the study and the issues we have faced that motivated our approach. Then, we argue how the use of domain ontologies combined with the SIOC vocabulary on the top of an existing folksonomy and weblogging platform offers a way to get rid of free-tagging classification flaws, and enhances information retrieval by suggesting related blog posts. Aside of the theoretical background, this paper also focuses on implementation. We present experimental results of this approach through the example of add-ons to a corporate blogging platform and the associated semantic web search engine, that extensively uses RDF and other semantic web technologies to find appropriate information and suggest related posts.
53. Passant, A., Laublet, P., and Sta, J., "
Folksonomies, Ontologies and Corporate Blogging".
Google Video, 2006.
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5821307370820990616
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Ontologías/Blogs
Resumen: Folksonomies, Ontologies and Corporate Blogging - 13:00 - Oct 2, 2006. () Rate:. Alexandre Passant blogtalkreloaded blogtalk reloaded socialsoftware
54. Pavan, C., "
Connotea: site para a comunicação científica e compartilhamento de informações na Internet".
Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2007, pp. 77-94.
http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2390648&orden=138981&info=link
Descriptores: Comunicación científica/Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: A Internet é reconhecidamente um terreno fecundo para as comunidades científicas, por sua rapidez, diversidade e possibilidades de novas formas de interação. O desenvolvimento de sites de social bookmarks, como o Connotea, permite aos pesquisadores gerenciar informações na Internet, organizando e compartilhando referências com seus pares científicos. Analisa-se este site que possui um caráter social e se apresenta como um novo espaço informal para compartilhamento de informações, criação de grupos e construção de bibliotecas próprias através do emprego de palavras-chave. Também, abordam-se os conceitos de comunidades científicas, social bookmarks e Folksonomia. Considera-se que o Connotea reproduz algumas tendências naturais das comunidades científicas e permite o intercâmbio entre as diferentes áreas do conhecimento
55. Peters, I. and Stock, W. G., "
Folksonomy and Information Retrieval".
70th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 45, 2007.
http://wwwalt.phil-fak.uni-duesseldorf.de/infowiss/admin/public_dateien/files/1/1194344432asist_am07.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: In Web 2.0 services 'prosumers' - producers and consumers - collaborate not only for the purpose of creating content, but to index these pieces of information as well. Folksonomies permit actors to describe documents with subject headings, 'tags', without regarding any rules. Apart from a lot of benefits folksonomies have many shortcomings (e.g., lack of precision). In order to solve some of the problems we propose interpreting tags as natural language terms. Accordingly, we can introduce methods of NLP to solve the tags' linguistic problems. Additionally we present criteria for tagged documents to create a ranking by relevance (tag distribution, collaboration and actor-based aspects). We would like to open the discussion concerning the following aspects: Which tag distributions seem to be characteristic for folksonomies and how can we use these distributions effectively in information retrieval? What are the problems of indexing by using tags, especially regarding indexing photos and videos? How may we use factors of collaborative indexing for relevance ranking?
56. Porter, J., "
Folksonomies: A user-driven approach to organizing content".
User Interface Engineering, 2005.
http://www.uie.com/brainsparks/2006/07/19/article-folksonomies-a-user-driven-approach-to-organizing-content/
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Organizing content is one of the most difficult challenges facing design teams. In this article, Joshua Porter discusses a new strategy called folksonomies that may help alleviate those challenges by letting users organize content all by themselves.
57. Ros-Martín, M., "
Folksonomías, marcado social y filtrado social de noticias".
E-LIS: E-Prints in Library and Information Science, 2008.
http://eprints.rclis.org/13709/1/1.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: This document is the materials published within 'Comunidad de prácticas: Web social para profesionales de la información' for the module 7 '?Folksonomías, marcado social y filtrado social de noticias' that prompted the SEDIC (Spanish Information Society and Scientific Documentation) from April 21 to June 18, 2008.
58. Russell, T., "
cloudalicious: folksonomy over time".
ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference , 2006, pp. 364.
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4119179
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Cloudalicious is an online visualization tool that has been designed to give insight into how -+tag clouds-+, or folksonomies, develop over time. A folksonomy is an organic system of text labels attributed to an object by the users of that object. The most common object so far to be the subject of this tagging has been the online bookmark. Stabilization of a URL's tag cloud over time is the clearest result of this type of visualization. Any diagonal movement on the graphs, indicative of a change in the tags being used to describe a URL, should garner further discussion.
59. Russell, T., "
Contextual Authority Tagging: Cognitive Authority through Folksonomy".
INLS 302 - Gollop, Vol. 11, No. 16, 2005.
http://www.terrellrussell.com/projects/contextualauthoritytagging/conauthtag200505.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Contextual Authority Tagging is the use of folksonomies to discover and define cognitive authority through reputation within communities of users. Authority is granted by individual users to other individual users with regard to their perceived domains of knowledge via free text tags or labels. This allows discovery of at least two things, 1) which users in a group are authority figures on a certain topic area, and 2) what areas of expertise a particular user possesses. A basic proposal is laid out along with a few examples to foster communication and thought on this new distributed way to discover cognitive authority
60. Sáínchez, P. M., "
La Web 2.0 en el aula de traducci+¦n".
Panacea, Vol. 9, No. 26, 2007, pp. 168.
http://www.medtrad.org/panacea/IndiceGeneral/n26_tribuna-Sanchez.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Traducción/Web 2.0
Resumen: Gracias a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), ha proliferado la impartición de cursos y asignaturas virtuales en el ámbito universitario a través de plataformas de enseñanza virtual. En consecuencia, la función del profesor ha cambiado con respecto a los métodos tradicionales de enseñanza: ahora actúa como guía en el aprendizaje de los alumnos según los contenidos didácticos elaborados. Sin embargo, las posibilidades que ofrecen actualmente las TIC para la enseñanza de la traducción van más allá de las plataformas de enseñanza virtual. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar el concepto de la Web 2.0 y describir las ventajas que ofrece para el campo de la didáctica de la traducción. Asimismo, se plantean propuestas para implantar la Web 2.0 en el aula de traducción, como el uso de marcadores sociales para compartir recursos entre profesores y alumnos o la creación de demostraciones audiovisuales como apoyo didáctico para la informática aplicada a la traducción. El artículo concluye reflexionando sobre la adaptación del profesor a las nuevas tecnologías y las ventajas que supone la Web 2.0 frente a las plataformas de enseñanza virtual. Palabras clave: e-learning, enseñanza virtual, TIC, traducción, Web 2.0
61. Sarmiento González, C., "
Procesos de Enseñanza - Aprendizaje dentro del marco de la Web Semántica (Borrador)".
Seminario de Investigación, 2008.
Descriptores: Web semántica/Aprendizaje/Folcsonomias
Resumen: La Web Semántica es una extensión de la Web actual, basada en la idea de añadir metadatos semánticos a la World Wide Web. El objetivo es mejorar Internet ampliando la interoperabilidad entre los sistemas informáticos y reducir la necesaria mediación de operadores humanos. El precursor de la idea, es Tim Berners-Lee, quien desde el principio intentó incluir informaciones semánticas en la creación de la World Wide Web, pero por diferentes causas no fue posible. Esta Web extendida está basada en la semántica y se apoya en lenguajes universales, haciendo más sencillo el trabajo de compartir, procesar y transferir informació
62. Schmitz, C., Hotho, A., Jaschke, R., and Stumme, G., "
Mining association rules in folksonomies: Data Science and Classification: Proc. of the 10th IFCS Conf., Ljubljana, Slovenia, July". 2006.
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
63. Seoane Garcia, C., "
Flexibilidad de las folksonomías".
Anuario Thinkepi , 2007, pp. 74-75.
http://eprints.rclis.org/11558/1/Anuario-ThinkEPI-2007-Catuxa-Flex-Folkson.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: La información en formato electrónico hizo posible hace ya más de 30 años un cambio de mentalidad en la clasificación y recuperación de la información. Al contrario de lo que oc rre con el papel en donde un libro, revista, etc., sólo puede ser ubicado físicamente en un solo estante, la documentación electrónica posee el don de la ubicuidad, lo cual se aprovecha para una mejor recuperación de la información.El usuario no tiene que deducir en qué estante se habrá almacenado un documento, no hay jerarquía, y las 5 ó 6 etiquetastags con las que un usuario describe un documento, facilitan que sea recuperado por otros usuarios.
64. Seoane García, C., "
La Web 2.0 y sus implicaciones en el mundo de la gestión de la información.".
Calsi, 2007.
http://www.calsi.org/2007/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/catuxa_seonei.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web 2.0
Resumen: La Web 2.0 es más que una etiqueta 2.0 que inunda todos los aspectos de nuestra vida o una moda pasajera, implica un nuevo modo de entender la creación y uso de la información. Las herramientas sociales y las tecnologías propias de la Web 2.0 basadas en la participación y el conocimiento colectivo proporcionan a los centros de información y a los profesionales de la documentación la oportunidad de renovar sus servicios y actividades pensando en el nuevo tipo de consumidor/usuario y contando con éste en la generación de contenidos y productos documentales. La capacidad de adaptación a las herramientas propias de la Web 2.0 y la confianza en el saber colectivo serán los pilares clave para alcanzar auténticos servicios de información del siglo XXI.
65. Serrano Cobos, J., "
Pasado, presente y futuro de la Web 2.0 en servicios de información digital".
BiD : Biblioteconomía y Documentació, Vol. 17, 2006.
http://www2.ub.edu/bid/consulta_articulos.php?fichero=17serra2.htm
Descriptores: Web 2.0/Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización/Bibliotecas
Resumen: Se explica el concepto Web 2.0, sus orígenes e implicaciones en el cambio de rumbo de Internet a partir del año 2000. Se destacan algunas tecnologías y tendencias inscritas en el marco de la Web 2.0, como Rich Internet Applications (RIA), XML, Ajax, Microformatos, sindicación y agregación de contenidos en RSS/ RDF, weblogs, wikis, arquitectura de información colaborativa mediante tags y folksonomías -el marketing colaborativo, entre otras-. Asimismo, se desgranan algunas posibilidades de futuro en torno a la Web 2.0, su posible evolución hacia la Web 3.0 e incluso hacia la Web semántica
66. Shen, K. and Wu, L., "
Folksonomy as a Complex Network".
arXiv.org, 2005.
http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/cs/pdf/0509/0509072v1.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Redes científicas/Recuperación de la información
Resumen: Folksonomy is an emerging technology that works to classify the information over WWW through tagging the bookmarks, photos or other web-based contents. It is understood to be organized by every user while not limited to the authors of the contents and the professional editors. This study surveyed the folksonomy as a complex network. The result indicates that the network, which is composed of the tags from the folksonomy, displays both properties of small world and scale-free. However, the statistics only shows a local and static slice of the vast body of folksonomy which is still evolving.
67. Sinclair, J. and Cardew-Hall, M., "
The folksonomy tag cloud: when is it useful?". Journal of Information Science. 2008; 34(1):15.
Vol. 34, No. 1, 2008, pp. 15.
http://jrsinclair.jr.funpic.org/academic/JIS-0449%20-v3%20-%20The%20Folksonomy%20Tag%20Cloud%20-%20When%20is%20it%20useful.pdf Resumen: The weighted list, known popularly as a ‘tag cloud', has appeared on many popular folksonomy-based websites. Flickr, Delicious, Technorati and many others have all featured a tag cloud at some point in their history. However, it is unclear whether the tag cloud is actually useful as an aid to finding information. We conducted an experiment, giving
participants the option of using a tag cloud or a traditional search interface to answer various questions. We found that where the information-seeking task required specific information, participants preferred the search interface. Conversely, where the information-seeking task was more general, participants preferred the tag cloud. While the tag cloud is not without value, it is not sufficient as the sole means of navigation for a folksonomy-based dataset.
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
68. Specia, L. and Motta, E., "
Integrating Folksonomies with the Semantic Web". The Semantic Web: Research and ApplicationsVol. 4519, 2007, pp. 624.
Resumen: While tags in collaborative tagging systems serve primarily an indexing purpose, facilitating search and navigation of resources, the use of the same tags by more than one individual can yield a collective classification schema. We present an approach for making explicit the semantics behind the tag space in social tagging systems, so that this collaborative organization can emerge in the form of groups of concepts and partial ontologies. This is achieved by using a combination of shallow pre-processing strategies and statistical techniques together with knowledge provided by ontologies available on the semantic web. Preliminary results on the del.icio.us and Flickr tag sets show that the approach is very promising: it generates clusters with highly related tags corresponding to concepts in ontologies and meaningful relationships among subsets of these tags can be identified
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
69. Spiteri, L. F., "
Structure and form of folksonomy tags: The road to the public library catalogue". Vol. 4 , No. 2, 2007, pp. 41.
http://www.webology.ir/2007/v4n2/a41.htmlResumen: Folksonomies have the potential to add much value to public library catalogues by enabling clients to: store, maintain, and organize items of interest in the catalogue using their own tags. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the tags that constitute folksonomies are structured. Tags were acquired over a thirty-day period from the daily tag logs of three folksonomy sites, Del.icio.us, Furl, and Technorati. The tags were evaluated against section 6 (choice and form of terms) of the National Information Standards Organization (NISO) guidelines for the construction of controlled vocabularies. This evaluation revealed that the folksonomy tags correspond closely to the NISO guidelines that pertain to the types of concepts expressed by the tags, the predominance of single tags, the predominance of nouns, and the use of recognized spelling. Potential problem areas in the structure of the tags pertain to the inconsistent use of the singular and plural form of count nouns, and the incidence of ambiguous tags in the form of homographs and unqualified abbreviations or acronyms. Should library catalogues decide to incorporate folksonomies, they could provide clear guidelines to address these noted weaknesses, as well as links to external dictionaries and references sources such as Wikipedia to help clients disambiguate homographs and to determine if the full or abbreviated forms of tags would be preferable.
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
70. Sturtz, D. N., "
Communal Categorization: The Folksonomy". Vol. 16, 2004.
http://www.davidsturtz.com/drexel/622/sturtz-folksonomy.pdfResumen: A recent flurry of discussion in the information architecture community has revolved around a concept being called, among other things, "social classification," "ethnoclassification," and "folksonomies2." While it is clearly a popular phenomenon, it is not immediately apparent what use, if any, these organizational schemes are, and what their potential benefits might be. This paper will define the term, present current instances of folksonomies in use, discuss some potential benefits of folksonomies and suggest some directions for future research
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
71. Szekely, B. and Torres, E., "
Ranking Bookmarks and Bistros: Intelligent Community and Folksonomy Development". 2005.
http://torrez.us/archives/2005/07/13/tagrank.pdfResumen: Online communities are an important forum for people to share information on the internet. Historically, online communities have been centered around free-text sharing and simple user rating systems. With the shadow of the Semantic Web looming behind many new innovations on the internet today, online communities are beginning to adopt semantic techniques such as tagging and folksonomies as a vehicle for the sharing and classification of information. Gourmetvillage.org is a prototype online community that uses tagging to provide an innovative restaurant rating mechanism. Users may provide free-text reviews and tags for any aspect of a restaurant.
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
72. Tinoco, M. R. G., "
El camino hacia la empresa 2.0".
Revista AHCIET: revista de telecomunicaciones, Vol. 111, 2007.
http://www.ahciet.net/portales/1000/10002/10007/10714/21775/docs/111-008.pdf
Resumen: Tras la popularización del término "web 2.0" acuñado por O'Reilly Media en 2004 para referirse a una segunda generación web basada en comunidades de usuarios y una gama especial de servicios, han surgido en torno a él otros términos "2.0" que hacen referencia a la aplicación de su filosofía a diferentes ámbitos. Por supuesto, la empresa ha sido uno de ellos.,
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web 2.0
Resumen: Maria Ruth Gamero Ticono Localización: Revista AHCIET: revista de telecomunicaciones, Nº. 111, 2007
73. Tonkin, E., "
Folksonomies: The Fall and Rise of Plain-text Tagging ".
Ariadne, Vol. 47, 2006.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue47/tonkin/
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Indización
Resumen: Despite the stability of many key technologies underlying today's Internet, venerable workhorses such as TCP/IP and HTTP, the rise of new candidate specifications frequently leads to a sort of collaborative manic depression. Every now and then, a new idea comes along and sparks a wave of interest, the first stage in the Internet hype cycle. Transformed with the addition of a series of relatively content-free conceptual buzzwords, the fragile idea is transmitted between and within communities until disillusionment sets in, when the terminology becomes an out-of-date reminder of a slightly embarrassing era that tomorrow's computer industry professionals will laugh about over a pint of beer. Eventually, the idea is retrieved, repackaged in a less sensational envelope, and filed for later use. This phenomenon is graphically represented as the Gartner hype cycle
74. Torre, A. d. l., "
Web Educativa 2.0".
Edutec. Revista Electrónica de Tecnología Educativa, Vol. 20, 2006.
http://www.uib.es/depart/gte/gte/edutec-e/revelec20/anibal20.htm
Descriptores: Web 2.0/Folcsonomias/Wikis
Resumen: Paralelamente al comienzo de la incorporación de las TICs a las prácticas educativas, se ha debatido bastante sobre las competencias tecnológicas que los docentes debían adquirir en sus diferentes procesos formativos. Sobre todo por ser necesarias determinadas destrezas en el uso y, sobre todo, en la generación de recursos para la Web. En los últimos meses estamos asistiendo a una amplia extensión del concepto de Web 2.0, cuya principal característica podría ser la sustitución del concepto de Web de lectura, por el de lectura-escritura. Multitud de herramientas están ayudando a que, los procesos productivos de información que se desarrollan en torno a la Red, se puedan poner en marcha sin casi ningún tipo de conocimiento técnico, y sin un excesivo gasto de tiempo. Por ello, poner en marcha actos educativos en torno a Internet (Web educativa 2.0), resulta hoy en día una tarea mucho más fácil desde el punto de vista de los recursos lógicos necesarios, con lo que podemos hacer prevalecer nuestro perfil docente sobre roles más cercanos al mundo de la Informática.
75. Tractores, P., "
Entregable D.3.3. Estado del arte y propuesta de técnicas para la. integración de ontologías y folksonomías".
Proyecto "Morfeo-MyMobileWeb", 2007.
http://forge.morfeo-project.org/wiki/images/2/2a/D.3.3.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Ontologías
Resumen: El primer objetivo de este documento es definir con precisión y analizar con detenimiento tanto las ontologías como las folksonomías, sus características comunes y diferenciadoras. Dado su carácter complementario, se estudia también el problema de cómo lograr su integración a fin de evitar su exclusividad, dando pie a nuevas posibilidades en la descripción y recuperación de contenidos.
76. Trant, J., "
Exploring the potential for social tagging and folksonomy in art museums: Proof of concept".
Archives & Museum Informatics, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2006, pp. 83-105.
http://www.archimuse.com/papers/steve-nrhm-0605preprint.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Archivos/Museología
Resumen: Documentation of art museum collections has been traditionally written by and for art historians. To make art museum collections broadly accessible, and to enable art museums to engage their communities, means of access need to reflect the perspectives of other groups and communities. Social Tagging (the collective assignment of keywords to resources) and its resulting Folksonomy (the assemblage of oncepts expressed in such a cooperatively developed system of classification) offer ways for art museums to engage with their communities and to understand what users of on-line museum collections see as important. Proof of Concept studies at The Metropolitan Museum of Art compared terms assigned by trained cataloguers and untrained cataloguers to existing museum documentation, and explored the potential for social tagging to improve access to museum collections.
77. Trant, J., "
Social classification and folksonomy in art museums: Early data from the steve. museum tagger prototype".
ASIST-CR Social Classification Workshop, 2006.
http://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/1728/01/trant-asist-CR-steve-0611.pdf
Descriptores: Clasificación /Web social/Folcsonomias/Archivos/Museología
Resumen: The collections of art museums have been assembled over hundreds of years and described, organized and classified according to traditions of art historical research and discourse. Art museums, in their role as curators and interpreters of the cultural record, have developed standards for the description of works of art (such as the Categories for the Description of Works of Art, CDWA) that emphasize the physical nature of art as artefact, the authorial role of the creator, the temporal and cultural context of creation and ownership, and the scholarly significance of the work over time. Collections managers have recorded conservation, exhibition, loan and publication history, along with significant volumes of internal documentation of acquisition and storage, that support the custody and care of artefacts of significant cultural value. But the systems of documentation and classification that support the professional discourse of art history and the management of museum collections have failed to represent the interests, perspectives or passions of those who visit [use?] museum collections, both on-site and online. As museums move to reflect the breadth of their audiences and the diversity of their perspectives, so must museum documentation change to reflect concerns other than the traditionally art historical and museological. Social tagging offers a direct way for museums to learn what museum-goers see in works of art, what they judge as significant and where they find or make meaning. Wi thin the steve collaboration(http://www.steve.museum), a group of art museums is collectively exploring the role of social tagging and studying the resulting folksonomy (Bearman & Trant, 2005; Chun, Cherry, Hiwiller, Trant, & Wyman, 2006; Trant & Wyman, 2006). Analysis of terms collected in the prototype steve tagger suggests that social tagging of art museum objects can in fact augment museum documentation with unique access points not found in traditional cataloguing. Terms collected through social tagging tools are being compared to museum documentation, to establish the actual contributions made by naïve users to the accessibility of art museum collections and to see if social classification provides a way to bridge the semantic gap between art historians and art museums' publics.
78. Trant, J. and Wyman, B., "
Investigating social tagging and folksonomy in art museums with steve. museum: Collaborative Web Tagging ".
Workshop at WWW, 2006. Investigating social tagging and folksonomy in art museums with steve. museum
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Museología/Archivos/Web social
Resumen: Tagging has proven attractive to art museums as a means of enhancing access to on-line collections. The steve.museum research project studied tagging and the relationship of the resulting folksonomy to professionally created museum documentation. A variety of research questions were proposed, and methods for answering them explored. Works of art were assembled to be tagged, a tagger was deployed, and tagging encouraged. A folksonomy of 36,981 terms was gathered, comprising 11,944 terms in 31,031 term/work pairs. The analysis of the tagging of these works - and the assembled folksonomy - is reported here, and further work described.
79. Van Damme, C., Hepp, M., and Siorpaes, K., "
FolksOntology: An Integrated Approach for Turning Folksonomies into Ontologies".
Bridging the Gep between Semantic Web and Web 2.0 , Vol. 2, 2007 .
http://members.deri.at/~katharinas/files/publications/VanDammeHeppSiorpaes_final.pdf
Descriptores: Flickr/Folcsonomias/Ontologías
Resumen: We can observe that the amount of non-toy domain ontologies is still very limited for many areas of interest. In contrast, folksonomies are widely in use for (1) tagging Web pages (e.g. del.icio.us), (2) annotating pictures (e.g. flickr), or (3) classifying scholarly publications (e.g. bibsonomy). However, such folksonomies cannot offer the expressivity of ontologies, and the respective tags often lack a context-independent and intersubjective definition of meaning. Also, folksonomies and other unsupervised vocabularies frequently suffer from inconsistencies and redundancies. In this paper, we argue that the social interaction manifested in folksonomies and in their usage should be
exploited for building and maintaining ontologies. Then, we sketch a comprehensive approach for deriving ontologies from folksonomies by
integrating multiple resources and techniques. In detail, we suggest combining (1) the statistical analysis of folksonomies, associated usage data, and their implicit social networks, (2) online lexical resources like dictionaries, Wordnet, Google and Wikipedia, (3) ontologies and Semantic Web resources, (4) ontology mapping and matching approaches, and (5) functionality that helps human actors in achieving and maintaining consensus over ontology element suggestions resulting from the preceding steps.
80. Veres, C., "
The Language of Folksonomies: What Tags Reveal About User Classification".
Natural Language Processing and Information Systems, Vol. 3999, 2006, pp. 58.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/m14xuq3593268143/fulltext.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Clasificación
Resumen: Folksonomies are classification schemes that emerge from the collective actions of users who tag resources with an unrestricted set of key terms. There has been a flurry of activity in this domain recently with a number of high profile web sites and search engines adopting the practice. They have sparked a great deal of excitement and debate in the popular and technical literature, accompanied by a number of analyses of the statistical properties of tagging behavior. However, none has addressed the deep nature of folksonomies. What is the nature of a tag? Where does it come from? How is it related to a resource? In this paper we present a study in which the linguistic properties of folksonomies reveal them to contain, on the one hand, tags that are similar to standard categories in taxonomies. But on the other hand, they contain additional tags to describe class properties. The implications of the findings for the relationship between folksonomy and ontology are discussed.
81. Voss, J., "
Collaborative thesaurus tagging the Wikipedia way".
arXiv.org, 2006.
http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=application%2Fpdf&identifier=oai%3AarXiv.org%3Acs%2F0604036
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Wikis/Wikipedia
Resumen: This paper explores the system of categories that is used to classify articles in Wikipedia. It is compared to collaborative tagging systems like del.icio.us and to hierarchical classification like the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Specifics and commonalitiess of these systems of subject indexing are exposed. Analysis of structural and statistical properties (descriptors per record, records per descriptor, descriptor levels) shows that the category system of Wikimedia is a thesaurus that combines collaborative tagging and hierarchical subject indexing in a special way.
82. Voss, J., "
Tagging, Folksonomy & Co-Renaissance of Manual Indexing?".
arXiv.org, 2007.
http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/cs/pdf/0701/0701072v2.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Indización
Resumen: This paper gives an overview of current trends in manual indexing on the Web. Along with a general rise of user generated content there are more and more tagging systems that allow users to annotate digital resources with tags (keywords) and share their annotations with other users. Tagging is frequently seen in contrast to traditional knowledge organization systems or as something completely new. This paper shows that tagging should better be seen as a popular form of manual indexing on the Web. Difference between controlled and free indexing
blurs with sufficient feedback mechanisms. A revised typology of tagging systems is presented that includes different user roles and knowledge organization systems with hierarchical relationships and vocabulary control. A detailed bibliography of current research in collaborative tagging is included.
83. Voß, J., "
Tagging, Folksonomy & Co - Renaissance of Manual Indexing?".
International Symposium for Information Science, Vol. 10, 2007.
http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/cs/pdf/0701/0701072v2.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web social/Indización
Resumen: This paper gives an overview of current trends in manual indexing on the Web. Along with a general rise of user generated content there are more and more tagging systems that allow users to annotate digital resources with tags (keywords) and share their annotations with other users. Tagging is frequently seen in contrast to traditional knowledge organization systems or as something completely new. This paper shows that tagging should better be seen as a popular form of manual indexing on the Web. Difference between controlled and free indexing
blurs with sufficient feedback mechanisms. A revised typology of tagging systems is presented that includes different user roles and knowledge organization systems with hierarchical relationships and vocabulary control. A detailed bibliography of current research in collaborative tagging is included.
84. Wu, H., Zubair, M., and Maly, K., "
Harvesting social knowledge from folksonomies".
Conference on Hypertext and hypermedia , Vol. 7, 2006, pp. 111-114 .
http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1149941.1149962
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Recolectores de metadatos/Web social
Resumen: Folksonomies are classification schemes that emerge from the collective actions of users who tag resources with an unrestricted set of key terms. There has been a flurry of activity in this domain recently with a number of high profile web sites and search engines adopting the practice. They have sparked a great deal of excitement and debate in the popular and technical literature, accompanied by a number of analyses of the statistical properties of tagging behavior. However, none has addressed the deep nature of folksonomies. What is the nature of a tag? Where does it come from? How is it related to a resource? In this paper we present a study in which the linguistic properties of folksonomies reveal them to contain, on the one hand, tags that are similar to standard categories in taxonomies. But on the other hand, they contain additional tags to describe class properties. The implications of the findings for the relationship between folksonomy and ontology are discussed.
85. Xu, Z., Fu, Y., Mao, J., and Su, D., "
Towards the semantic web: Collaborative tag suggestions: Collaborative Web Tagging May".
Workshop at WWW, 2006.
http://www.semanticmetadata.net/hosted/taggingws-www2006-files/13.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Web 2.0/Web semántica
Resumen: Content organization over the Internet went through several interesting phases of evolution: from structured directories to unstructured Web search engines and more recently, to tagging as a way for aggregating information, a step towards the semantic web vision. Tagging allows ranking and data organization to directly utilize inputs from end users, enabling machine processing of Web content. Since tags are created by individual users in a free form, one important problem facing tagging is to identify most appropriate tags, while eliminating noise and spam. For this purpose, we define a set of general criteria for a good tagging system. These criteria include high coverage of multiple facets to ensure good recall, least effort to reduce the cost involved in browsing, and high popularity to ensure tag quality. We propose a collaborative tag suggestion algorithm using these criteria to spot high-quality tags. The proposed algorithm employs a goodness measure for tags derived from collective user authorities to combat spam. The goodness measure is iteratively adjusted by a reward-penalty algorithm, which also incorporates other sources of tags, e.g., ontent-based auto-generated tags. Our experiments based on My Web 2.0 show that the algorithm is effective.
86. Yeung, C. M. A., Gibbins, N., and Shadbolt, N., "
Understanding the semantics of ambiguous tags in folksonomies".
Workshop on Emergent Semantics and Ontology Evolution (ESOE2007), 2007.
http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/14869/1/tag_semantics.pdf
Descriptores: Folcsonomias/Semántica
Resumen: The use of tags to describe Web resources in a collaborative manner has experienced rising popularity among Web users in recent years. The product of such activity is given the name folksonomy, which can be considered as a scheme of organizing information in the users' own way. In this paper, we present a possible way to analyze the tripartite graphs - graphs involving users, tags and resources - of folksonomies and discuss how these elements acquire their meanings through their associations with other elements, a process we call mutual contextualization. In particular, we demonstrate how different meanings of ambiguous tags can be discovered through such analysis of the tripartite graph by studying the tag sf. We also discuss how the result can be used as a basis to better understand the nature of folksonomies.
87. Zhang, L., Wu, X., and Yu, Y., "
Emergent Semantics from Folksonomies: A Quantitative Study".
Journal on Data Semantics , Vol. 4090, 2006, pp. 168-186.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11803034_8
Descriptores: Folcsonomias
Resumen: Defining and using ontology to annotate web resources with semantic markups is generally perceived as the primary way to implement the vision of the Semantic Web. The ontology provides a shared and machine understandable semantics for web resources that agents and applications can utilize. This top-down approach (in the sense that an ontology is defined first on top of existing web resources and then used later to markup them), however, has a high barrier to entry and is difficult to scale up. In this paper, we investigate using a bottom-up approach for semantically annotating web resources as supported by the now widely popular social bookmarks services on the web where users can annotate and categorize web resources using "tags" freely choosen by the user without any pre-existing global semantic model. This kind of informal social categories is coined as "folksonomies". We show how global semantics can be statistically inferred from the folksonomies to semantically annotate the web resources. The global semantic model also disambiguate the tags and group synonymous tags together. Finally, we show that there indeed are hierarchical relations among the emerged concepts in the folksonomy and it is plausible to further identify them if we use more advanced probabilistic models.
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